![]() ![]() Lawson KA et al (1999) Bmp4 is required for the generation of primordial germ cells in the mouse embryo. Key wordsĮdson MA, Nagaraja AK, Matzuk MM (2009) The mammalian ovary from genesis to revelation. In this chapter, we give a brief account of major events during the development of male germ cells and focus on the functions of several crucial genes that have been studied in mutant mouse models and are potential causes of human male infertility. Although intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be used to bypass many fertilization obstacles to achieve fertilization with only a few extracted sperm, the widespread use of ICSI without proper knowledge for genetic testing and counseling could still potentially propagate pleiotropic gene mutations associated with male infertility and other genetic diseases (Alukal and Lamb, Urol Clin North Am 35(2):277–288, 2008). Other efforts to categorize genes involved in male fertility in mammals have suggested a total of 1,188 genes (Hermo et al., Microsc Res Tech 73(4):241–494, 2010). Fortunately, after more than two decades of phenotypic studies using knockout mice and identifying genes disrupted in spontaneous mutant mice, we have unveiled new and unexpected aspects of crucial gene functions for fertility. “Idiopathic” is a widely used adjective that is used to reflect our lack of understanding of the genetics of male fertility. Among human male infertility cases, approximately 22 % were classified as “idiopathic,” a term used to describe diseases of unknown causes, with idiopathic oligozoospermia being the most common semen abnormality (11.2 %) (Comhaire et al., Int J Androl (Suppl 7):1–53, 1987). ![]() If comparative numbers of male fertility genes are needed in mammals, extra risks of male fertility problems are associated with disruptive mutations in those genes. Apparently, extra genes and additional regulatory mechanisms are required to achieve all these unique features, and an estimated 11 % of genes are involved in fertility in Drosophila (Hackstein et al., Trends Genet 16(12):565–572, 2000). To fulfill their destiny, male germ cells undergo meiosis and extensive morphogenesis that transforms the round-shaped cells into freely motile sperm propelled by a beating flagellum to seek out their missing half. The germ cells are not programmed to perform “vital” functions but to perpetuate the species through the transfer of genetic materials to the next generation. NeuroCyte Stem Cell Research Center provides one of the best Stem Cell therapy for Male Infertility in Bangalore, India.Early in embryogenesis, cells that are destined to become germ cells take on a different destiny from other cells in the embryo. Mononuclear fraction containing CD34+ cells and mesenchymal cells can be used or mesenchymal cells can be cultivated and used. Enrichment of stem cell should done in cGMP lab using validated SOP. Numerous studies and clinical trials conducted all over the World have shown that Adult tissue specific stem cells from patient’s bone marrow or mesenchymal cells both autologous or allogenic can re-establish spermatogenesis providing an acceptable method for infertile males. Since collection, storage and distribution of donor sperms is unregulated several evil practices are prevalent. As a result of this many resort to donor sperms for I V F, a practice which is unethical and dangerous. Stem cell Therapy for male infertility Male infertility is on the rise due to several reasons including presence of endocrine disruptors in the environment. The doctor may also recommend additional tests like scrotal ultrasound, hormone testing, genetic testing, testicular biopsy, sperm function tests etc. ![]() Semen Analysis – semen collected is sent to the laboratory to measure the number of sperms present and the morphology (abnormal shape) and motility of the sperm.General physical examination and medical history, which includes physical examination of genitals, questions about inherited conditions, chronic health problems, injuries or surgeries that could affect fertility, also questions about sexual habits and sexual development during puberty.Other reasons may be illness, injuries, chronic health problems, chemotherapy in cancer patients, lifestyle choices and many other factors. Stem cell therapy for male infertility Male infertility is due to low sperm production, misshapen or immobile sperms or blockages that prevent the delivery of sperm. Painless Tattoo Removal Laser Treatment. ![]() Strip Method (FUT) Hair Transplantation.Gynecomastia Surgery or Male Breast Surgery in Bangalore.Post Weight Loss (Bariatric Surgery) Body Reshaping.Stem cell Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease.Stemcell Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease. ![]()
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